In phase 1 of the study, an interim analysis carried out after 500 patients receiving a liver transplant who achieved a 3-month follow-up visit, showed survival benefits for patients with severe ACLF. Buildig on these positive results, in phase 2 of the study, CHANCE will focus on patients with ACLF grade 3, defined as the development of three or more organ system failures, to reach sufficient statistical power to identify independent predictive factors of death or delisting on the waiting list.

To reduce the burden on both patients and researchers, the study design has been simplified. This means there will be fewer follow-up visits and sampling times, making participation easier and less stressful for patients.

Following the successful completion of phase 2, CHANCE will be able to define liver transplant futility criteria, this is criteria for determining when a liver transplant may no longer be beneficial, and develop a new prognostic model for selection of transplant candidates.

The CHANCE study is sponsored by the European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure, and counts with the support of the International Liver Transplant Society (ILTS) and the European Society for Organ Transplantation (ESOT).